The arthrosis of the knee joint is a common disease of the musculoskeletal system.According to statistics, every sixth person in old age is diagnosed with joint deformation.The violation of the integrity of the cartilage is the cause of the changes in the mutual position of the bones.Respect for preventive measures will prevent the development of post-traumatic syndrome and restore the functioning of the musculoskeletal system.
What is the essence of the disease
The arthrosis of the knee joint is the destruction, the dystrophic damage to the connective tissue of the cells of the cartilage of the femoral joint.It is more likely that women get, in particular the overwhelming 40 -year border.The disease can be one side, the arthrosis of the articulation of the right or left or bilateral knee, affects one or both legs simultaneously.
Without adequate treatment, the disorder progresses, affects the muscles, fibrous compounds (ligaments), bones.For this reason, you can completely lose the opportunity to move: with the final destruction of the cartilage, the bone will be exposed.
The concepts of gonartrosis, osteoarthritis, deforming arthrosis are identical, are characterized by identical morphological and biological characteristics.This disease is typical for people in old age, but cases have become more frequent when the symptoms of deviations are diagnosed in children.
The reasons for the appearance of the problem
The risk of arthrosis increases with age.The main causes of the modification of the knee joint are a violation of the metabolism in solid connective tissue and daily exorbitant loads.
The following factors influence the development of the disease:
- Biological aging processes.After 40, structural and functional changes occur, cell dystrophy.The cartilage fabric loses its ability to regenerate.
- Problems with excess weight.The deposition of the adipose tissue in the organs creates an additional load on the entire organism and on the skeletal-muscular system.People with a high body weight often suffer from arthrosis of the knee joint.
- Violation of blood circulation in the limbs.This leads to a slowdown in the metabolism, artificial depletion of cells.
- Passive lifestyle.Physical activity should be convenient, but regular.
- Diabetes.The pathology of the endocrine system is associated with insufficient production of insulin, which is involved in the metabolism.In the fight against energy exhaustion, the body becomes vulnerable, the vessels are clogged and a decrease in cartilage elasticity occurs.
- Pregnancy.With it, there may be a change in the hormonal background, an additional weight series, which can cause problems with the knee joints.
- Dysplasia.The pathology contributes to the premature cancellation of the cartilage, which threatens the joint deformation.
- Lessions, especially in children: dislocations, lengthening, bruises.
The risk group is guided by women with excess body weight.
The degree of development of the arthrosis of the knee joint
The destruction process begins with cartilage and affects the entire junction of the knee.There are three phases of pathology depending on the degree of defeat:
- First.It is characterized by mild symptoms.A person complains of a small episodic pain in the knee, reduced activity after prolonged inaction (sleep).
- The second.Pain causes any action.It is sufficient to rest and the pain syndrome passes, however the resumption of physical activity involves discomfort.The main signs of pathology in this phase: creak in the knee, accumulation of synovial liquid.The narrowing of the gap between the bones of the articulation of the gap can only be seen in the radiographic framework.In the photo, pathological changes are clearly visible.
- The third.Global changes occur in the cartilage tissue.A person cannot bend the leg in the knee, the regular severe pain causes discomfort throughout the day or night, the bone contour is coarse.
The appearance of the first light symptoms requires the exam and consultation of the rheumatologist.
Very often, the patient is looking for medical assistance in the last phase, where you cannot do without surgery.
Important!It is possible to diagnose deviations only with a radius X.
Types of pathology
By nature of the occurrence of the deformation, there are two forms of pathology:
- Primary: a hereditary defect in the art of the left or right knee joint: it develops in children from adolescence, due to the improper formation of the binding apparatus.
- Secondary - Post osteoarthritis - traumatic of the knee joint, caused by bruises, stretch marks, lesions of the bone parts.
The disease can influence the joints of one or both legs simultaneously.
Methods of treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint
The treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint in children or adults occurs in two phases: the first is pain relief, the latter is the effect on the disease factors.The forms and severity of Gonartrosis play a fundamental role in choosing a method of treatment.
The types of therapy by type of exposure are as follows:
- drug;
- manual physiotherapy;
- surgery;
- Popular methodology.
An early recovery of the patient is possible with an integrated approach.
Drug therapy of arthrosis of the knee joint
Traditional treatment requires arthrosis of the knee joint in the last two phases.To reduce the pain threshold, restoring the integrity and elasticity of the connective tissue will help the following drugs:
- A group of non -short remedies.With severe pain, the drug is administered intramuscularly, you can take it orally or use gel and ointments.
- Condroprotectors.Contribute to the normalization of metabolism processes, prevent further knee deformations and restore cartilage.
- Corticosteroid hormones.Relve rapidly swelling, redness, but cause side effects, therefore, in rare cases they are prescribed in rare courses.
Complex therapy allows to obtain the remission of the disease, reduces the risks of manifestation of the secondary illegal of the femoral vaccination.
Physiotherapy of arthrosis of the knee joint
The treatment technique for exposure to hands, devices and auxiliary mechanisms has a blocking effect on the destruction of the knee cartilage joints in children and adults and leads to the restoration of the musculoskeletal system.
The methodology for the elimination of anatomical pathology includes the following types of manipulations:
- Massage.This mechanical influence helps to improve the outflow of lymph, normalization of metabolism, blood circulation.
- Therapeutic physical education is an effective method to restore children and adult motor skills of the articulation of the femoral vase.Lessons aim to develop mobility, strengthening the binding apparatus.You can perform gymnastics at home, when the attacks are stopped.
- Reflexology.Impact on the central nervous system through the receptors.Acupuncture increases muscle tone, saturated with oxygen tissues, activates immunogenic reactivity.
One of the most effective methods is physiotherapy or recovery based on natural factors: electrophoresis, mudrap, ultrasound therapy, Ozokkerieropiants will help locate the focus of inflammation.
Electrophoresis
With its help, you reach a high concentration of drugs in the affected area, the liver and the gastrointestinal tract do not receive negative effects.A specially created electric field carefully provides drugs directly in the affected area.
Mud
Mineral substances that are so rich in dirt, if penetrated in the damaged tissues, suspend the further destruction of the cartilage and subsequently restore them.With dirt, the blood flow increases, the muscles relax, metabolic processes are stimulated.
Ultrasound therapy
The ultrasound relieves muscle cramps and relieves pain by activating the metabolism, changes in acid-base balance and improving the breathing of the tissues.
Ozokkeritopia
Ozokite is unique in the composition due to a huge number of microelements contained in it.Among the positive properties of this substance there are the ability to restore soft fabrics.It almost instantly does for unpleasant and painful sensations.
Advise!Gymnastics selected by the attending physician should be performed with a low width of movement.
Swimming lessons contribute to rapid rehabilitation.During the procedure, the muscle muscles are strengthened.
Surgical treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint
The destruction of the femoral joint in children and adults in the last phase leads to the complete deformation of the solid connective tissue, the bones.The doctor is forced to resort to surgical intervention: endoprothetics or arthrodesis.
In the first case, the articulation concerned is partially or completely replaced with a polymer or metal prosthesis, in the second, the complete immobilization of the joint is performed to eliminate pain syndrome.
Nuance!There are no age restrictions for operational manipulations, but, as the practice shows, they are mainly recurring after reaching 50 years.
Depending on the physiological characteristics of a person, the recovery period will take about 3 months.
Folk methods for the treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint
Non -traditional therapy has a general strengthening effect on the entire body.Independent treatment is allowed in the first phase of the pathology of the articulation of the femoral pot in children and adults.
Dandelion
The plant is used as a component for infusions, compositions, hoods.Its flowers are rich:
- soccer;
- potassium;
- phosphorus;
- iron.
This contributes to the rapid resuscitation and strengthening of the bone structure.
To prepare the infusion, you will need a container that is half full of inflorescences and the triple colony is added to the remaining space.The composition for a month in a place protected from sunlight
Burdock
The whale leaves are a powerful antiseptic, they accelerate the wound healing process, the circulatory restoration.The back of the sheet is applied to the damaged joint, strictly fixed with a bandage or a hot fabric scarf.The procedure is performed during the night for a week.
Curtain
Cealand has an anti -inflammatory and analgesic effect.For 7 days in a row, a compress of grass is applied to the articulation illuminated by the femur.After 60 minutes, the joint region is treated with vegetable oil.The course of treatment is 2 times a month with an 8 -day break.
Golden mustache
Tincture on golden mustache leaves normalizes metabolic processes, relieves pain.15–20 leaves of the plant are poured with two glasses of boiling water, infused in a hot place.The daily dose is 75 ml for three doses after eating.
The grass with an incorrect approach can have a negative effect.Before using medicinal plants, you need to familiarize yourself with contraindications, it is even better to consult a doctor.
Prevention of arthrosis of the knee joint
The arthrosis of the knee joint, like any disorder, is easier to predict rather than fighting the consequences.
Preventive measures:
- Daily diet.Proper nutrition is a 50%success.Fatty foods with a lot of cholesterol must be avoided.Only a diversified and useful menu is allowed: variety with low content of meat, fish, vegetables, fruit, cereals, dairy products -caseari, walnuts, juice.
- It is necessary to limit the consumption of flour, sweet, caffeine, tobacco and alcohol.
- With a sedentary lifestyle (sedentary work), every 2 hours perform a heat.
- It is necessary to be in the fresh air more often, walk on foot, go to swim, sport.
- Wearing orthopedic shoes with elastic sole - this reduces the risk of osteoarthritis.
The most important thing is to undergo preventive exams with specialists twice a year.
For reference!Consulting, specialists in Testi Testati can correctly choose the treatment: orthopedist, rheumatologist, arthrologist.
The prognosis of the treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint
The pathology causes biochemical and mechanical changes in the joints of joint cartilage, a decrease in its thickness, the formation of osteophytes (growth on the surface of the bone tissue) and the sub -controlled cysts (cavities in the organs).
The dystrophic damage to the cartilage of the articulation of the femoral vase does not bring dangers for life, but causes great discomfort.The sick person has a low motor activity, suffers from severe pain.
The deforming arthrosis, including the arthrosis post -traumatic of the knee joint, is progressive.It is difficult to predict the development of the pathology: it all depends on the physiological characteristics of the body and lifestyle:
- age;
- forms and degrees of deformation;
- concomitant diseases;
- execution of the doctor's instructions;
- areas of activity.
The arthrosis of the knee joint is treated, the main thing is to detect such a change in the articulation that had the femoral in children or adults and correctly plan the therapy.
It is important to confirm the diagnosis of deformation of osteoarthritis in 1 and 2 phases of development, when it is possible to maintain the articulation by restoring performance.The doctor can draw a conclusion and determine the degree of joint damage on the basis of ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, arthroscopy and radioscopy.
Several images may be necessary to predict the dynamics of the development of the femoral knee pathology.
In the diagnosis of deformation of osteoarthritis, a series of measures is aimed at restoring the activity of the musculoskeletal system, since the disorder itself cannot be treated even in children.